Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka lilo ʻana o ka huaora ma ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai holoholona

Nalo o nā huaora i ka wā e hana ai i ka meaʻai holoholona

No nā proteins, carbohydrates, momona, a me nā minela, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hopena i ko lākou bioavailability, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā huaora ʻaʻole paʻa a maʻalahi i ka oxidized, decomposed, luku, a nalowale paha, no laila e hoʻopilikia ka hana ʻana i kā lākou huahana.ʻOi aku ka hopena;a ma ke kaʻina o ka mālama ʻana i nā meaʻai, pili ka nalowale o nā huaora i ka sila ʻana o ka pahu pahu, ke ola o ka mālama ʻana, a me ka mahana ambient.

Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka extrusion a me ka puffing, e hiki mai ka inactivation o nā huaora, hiki i ka nalowale o ka momona-soluble vitamina E hiki i 70%, a hiki i ka nalowale o ka vitamina K hiki i 60%;ʻOi aku ka nui o ka lilo ʻana o ka huaora o nā meaʻai pipi extruded i ka wā e mālama ai, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nalowale o nā huaora momona ma mua o ko ka hui B.a ua nalowale nā ​​huaora B ma kahi o 2% a 4% i kēlā me kēia mahina.

I ka wā o ka extrusion kaʻina hana, 10% ~ 15% o nā huaora a me nā puaʻa i nalowale ma ka awelika.ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka huaora ma muli o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mea maka, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana, ka makū, ka manawa paʻa, etc. .

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka nalowale o nā huaora i ka wā e hana ai?

1. E hoʻololi i ke ʻano kemika o kekahi mau huaora i mea e paʻa ai ka pūhui;e like me ka thiamine mononitrate ma kahi o kona ʻano kumu manuahi, esters o retinol (acetate a palmitate), tocopherol Hoʻololi i ka waiʻona a me ka ascorbic acid phosphate ma kahi o ka ascorbic acid.

2. Hana ʻia nā huaora i microcapsules ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi.Ma kēia ala, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka huaora a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka dispersibility o ka huaora i ka meaʻai hui.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huaora me ka gelatin, starch, a me ka glycerin (hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā antioxidants) a i ʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā microcapsules, a ukali ʻia e kahi uhi o ka starch.Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka pale ʻana o ka huaora i ka wā o ka hana ʻana ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā microcapsules, laʻa me ka hoʻomehana ʻana e hoʻopaʻakikī i nā microcapsules (i kapa pinepine ʻia he microcapsules cross-linked).Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻopili keʻa ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana o Maillard a i ʻole nā ​​mea hana kemika ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka hapa nui o ka huaʻa A i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea hana meaʻai pipi ʻAmelika he microcapsules i hoʻopili ʻia.No ka nui o nā huaora B, hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana e hoʻonui i ko lākou kūpaʻa a hana i nā pauka kahe manuahi.

3. Loaʻa ka inactivation o nā huaora a pau i ke kaʻina extrusion o ka meaʻai holoholona, a ʻo ka lilo ʻana o nā huaora i loko o ka meaʻai hiki ke pili pono i ka mahana a me ka hana ʻana a me ka lōʻihi o nā ion metala manuahi.ʻO ka poho ma ka maloʻo ʻana a me ka uhi ʻana (e hoʻohui i ka momona a i ʻole ka ʻū ʻana i ka ʻili o ka huahana i hoʻomaloʻo ʻia) pili pū i ka manawa a me ka mahana.

I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ka makū maʻemaʻe, ka mahana, ka pH a me nā ion metala ikaika e pili ana i ka nui o ka nalowale o nā huaora.ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano mineral liʻiliʻi e like me chelates, oxides a i ʻole carbonates hiki ke hōʻemi i ka nalowale o nā huaora he nui ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā minela i ka sulfate a i ʻole ke ʻano manuahi..ʻO ka hao, ke keleawe a me ka zinc ka mea koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hopena Fenton a me ka hana ʻana o nā radical manuahi.Hiki i kēia mau pūhui ke ʻohi i nā radical manuahi e hōʻemi i ka nalowale o ka huaora.ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka momona meaʻai mai ka oxidation he mea nui ia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā radical manuahi i ka meaʻai.ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea chelating e like me ka ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphoric acid, a i ʻole nā ​​antioxidants synthetic e like me di-tert-butyl-p-cresol i ka momona hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hana o nā radical manuahi.