ʻO ke ʻano o ka meaʻai holoholona
Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā mea lawelawe, ʻokoʻa ka meaʻai holoholona mai nā holoholona kahiko a me ka meaʻai moa.ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hanai holoholona maʻamau a me ka hānai moa ʻo ia ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā kānaka me nā huahana e like me ka ʻiʻo, nā hua manu, ka waiū a me ka hulu, me ka pahuhopu hope loa e loaʻa i nā pono waiwai hou aʻe.No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna mau meaʻai, e like me ka ratio hoʻololi ʻana i nā meaʻai, hānai-a-kaumaha ratio a me ka awelika o kēlā me kēia lā.Manaʻo pinepine ʻia nā holoholona ma ke ʻano he ʻohana a he mau hoa aloha a me ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka naʻau.I ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā holoholona, ʻoi aku ka nānā ʻana o nā kānaka i ke olakino a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o nā holoholona, a ʻaneʻane nānā ʻole ʻia ka ʻoihana.No laila, ʻo ka manaʻo noiʻi o ka hānai holoholona ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā holoholona me kahi meaʻai ʻoi aku ka momona a me ke kaulike, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻano holoholona āpau me nā hana ola maʻamau, ulu a me ka ulu olakino.Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka helu absorption kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻepekema ʻepekema, ke kūlana maikaʻi, ka hānai kūpono a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola.
Pono ka noiʻi ʻana i nā meaʻai holoholona pipi
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki nā holoholona nui i mālama ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana, a he ʻokoʻa kā lākou hana ʻana.ʻO nā ʻīlio he omnivores, a ʻo nā pōpoki he ʻai.Akā kaʻana like lākou i kekahi o nā ʻano like, e like me ka nele o ka salivary amylase a me kahi puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu pōkole ʻaʻole hiki ke synthesize i ka vitamin D.
1. ʻO ka meaʻai pono o nā ʻīlio
ʻO ke kūlana koʻikoʻi meaʻai canine i paʻi ʻia e ke Kōmike Nutrition Canine (CNE), he lālā o ka American Association of Feed Supervisors (AAFCO), i hāpai ʻia e nā mea hana meaʻai holoholona.kahua.Hiki i nā ʻīlio olakino ke synthesize i ka huaora C i loko o ke kino, akā ʻo nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe, e like me ka huaora A, ka huaora B1, ka huaora B2, ka huaora B6 a me ka huaʻa D, pono e hoʻohui ʻia e ka mea nona.ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōnaehana digestive o ka ʻīlio he hiki iā lākou ke synthesize i kekahi mau meaʻai pono, e like me ka niacin, taurine, a me arginine.Ke koi nui nei nā ʻīlio i ka calcium, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio lactating, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou meaʻai ma mua o nā pōpoki, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻeli i ka fiber.He ʻono ko nā ʻīlio, no laila pono e nānā nui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻono, no ka mea, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi, ka nui, a i ʻole nā mea ʻala maikaʻi ʻole mai nā metabolites hiki iā lākou ke hōʻole i ka ʻai.
2. Pono nā meaʻai o nā pōpoki
I ka hihia o nā pōpoki, hiki iā lākou ke catabolize a hoʻohana i nā waikawa amino i kumu ikehu no ka gluconeogenesis.Pono nā meaʻai ulu e hāʻawi i ka nui o ka protein, a ʻo ka nui o ka protein crude (protein holoholona) ma mua o 22%.ʻO ka ʻai a ka pōpoki he 52% protein, 36% momona, a me 12% carbohydrate.
Ma ke ʻano he holoholona hoa, ʻo ka hulu ʻālohilohi kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke olakino pōpoki.Pono ka meaʻai e hāʻawi i ka waika momona unsaturated (linoleic acid) ʻaʻole hiki ke synthesized a i lawa ʻole ka synthesized i loko o ke kino, akā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka maʻiʻo o ka momona unsaturated, i ʻole e maʻalahi ka maʻi momona melemele.Hiki i nā pōpoki ke hoʻohui i ka huaora K, ka huaora D, ka huaora C a me ka huaora B, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. vitamina A.
Eia kekahi, pono nā pōpoki i ka nui o ka huaora E a me ka taurine, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huaora A hiki ke alakaʻi i kona ʻona.Pilikia nā pōpoki i ka nele o ka huaora E, a hiki i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka huaora E ke hoʻoulu i ka muscular dystrophy.Ma muli o ka nui o nā ʻakika momona unsaturated i nā meaʻai pōpoki, nui ka pono o ka huaora E, a ʻo ka mea hoʻohui i ʻōlelo ʻia he 30 IU/kg.Ua manaʻo ka noiʻi ʻo ka nele o ka taurine e hoʻolōʻihi i ka oʻo ʻana a me ka degeneration o nā ʻiʻo aʻalolo o ka pōpoki, kahi mea kaulana loa i ka retina o ka maka.Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā meaʻai a nā pōpoki i ka 0.1 (maloʻo) i ka 0.2 (canned) g/kg.No laila, ʻo ka meaʻai meaʻai holoholona ka nui o ka ʻiʻo hou a me nā ʻōpala i luku ʻia a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻai a me nā kīʻaha, he ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ka nui o nā mea maka (kāna, ʻai soybean, ʻai pulupulu a me ka ʻai rapeseed, etc.) i hoʻohana ʻia i nā holoholona kahiko a me nā moa. hānai.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka meaʻai holoholona
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā holoholona kahiko a me nā hānai moa me ka hoʻolālā huahana hoʻokahi, nui nā ʻano meaʻai pipi, e like me ka meaʻai kanaka.ʻO ka calcium, nā huaora a me ka protein a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe), nā meaʻai ʻai (kane, ʻeke hou, nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo a me nā ʻiʻo no nā pōpoki a me nā ʻīlio, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me nā meaʻai leʻaleʻa e like me ka nau.
Ke makemake nui nei ka poʻe kahu holoholona i nā meaʻai kūlohelohe holoʻokoʻa i loaʻa nā mea olakino (oats, bale, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka momona a pale i ka maʻi diabetes, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i nā kīʻaha holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā pae insulin hoʻokē ʻai haʻahaʻa.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hānai holoholona, me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hōʻailona meaʻai e pono ai, e nānā nui i ka palatability o ka hānai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻono.
ʻenehana hana ʻana i ka meaʻai holoholona
ʻO ka ʻenehana hana ʻai meaʻai holoholona he hui pū ʻana o ka hana ʻai a me ka ʻenehana hana a me ka ʻenehana hana meaʻai.He ʻokoʻa ka ʻenehana hana ʻana o nā ʻano meaʻai holoholona ʻē aʻe, akā ʻo ka ʻenehana hana ʻana o nā meaʻai holoholona ʻē aʻe koe wale nō ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana extrusion.Hiki i ke kaʻina hana o ka extrusion ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka degere gelatinization o ka starch, ma laila e hoʻonui ai i ka absorption a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka starch e ka ʻāpana ʻōpū o ka holoholona.Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea hānai maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai meaʻai unconventional ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana extrusion.ʻO nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana meaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana ʻana, hoʻololi (ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, ka hoʻopili ʻana, a me ka hōʻailona ʻana), ka hāʻawi ʻana (wholesale, warehousing, a me ka halihali ʻana), i loko a i waho (kūʻai aku, lawelawe meaʻai ʻoihana, a me nā papahana meaʻai pilikia), a me ka ʻai (hoʻomākaukau. a me nā hopena olakino).
Hana ʻia ka meaʻai pipi semi-moist me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina extrusion e like loa me ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai puffed maloʻo, akā aia nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o ka hana ʻana, me ka ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā huahana ʻiʻo e hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ma mua a i ka wā extrusion Slurry, ʻO ka nui o ka wai he 25% ~ 35%.ʻO nā palena maʻamau i ke kaʻina hana o ka meaʻai puffed palupalu he mea like ia me ka meaʻai maloʻo maloʻo, akā ʻoi aku ka pili o ka mea maka i ka semi-moist meaʻai holoholona, a ʻo ka ʻike wai he 27% ~ 32%.Ke hoʻohui ʻia me ka meaʻai puffed maloʻo a me ka meaʻai semi-moist, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka meaʻai.ʻOi aku ka kaulana o ka palatability me nā mea mālama holoholona.ʻO ka meaʻai a me nā meaʻai pipi i kālua ʻia - hana maʻamau ʻia e nā ʻano kuʻuna, e like me ka hana ʻana i ka palaoa, ka ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana, a me ka kuke ʻana i ka umu.Hana ʻia nā huahana i iwi a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e hoʻopiʻi i ka poʻe kūʻai aku, akā i kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hana ʻia nā meaʻai holoholona me ka extrusion, ua hana ʻia i meaʻai maloʻo a i ʻole meaʻai semi-moist.
Ka manawa kau: Apr-08-2022