1. He hoʻolauna i ka spinach
ʻO Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo nā mea kanu Persian, nā lau ʻulaʻula aʻa, nā mea kanu parrot, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, no ka genus Spinach o ka ʻohana Chenopodiaceae, a no ka ʻano like me ka beets a me ka quinoa.He lau nahele makahiki me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā pae oʻo like ʻole i loaʻa no ka ʻohi ʻana.ʻO nā mea kanu a hiki i 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe, nā aʻa conical, ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole keʻokeʻo, halberd a ovate, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, holoʻokoʻa a me nā lobes like me nā niho.Nui nā ʻano spinach, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: ʻokalaioa a me ke kākalaioa.
He mea kanu makahiki ka spinach a he nui nā ʻano ʻano spinach, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kekahi no ka hana ʻoihana.ʻEkolu ʻano kumu o ka spinach i ulu ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa: wrinkled (lau ʻōwili ʻia), pālahalaha (lau maʻemaʻe), a me semi-fried (wili liʻiliʻi).ʻO lāua nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka lau a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ke kūpaʻa.Ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano ʻano hou me nā ʻano ʻulaʻula a me nā lau ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO Kina ka mea hana spinach nui loa, ukali ʻia e ka US, ʻoiai ua ulu mau ka hana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei, kokoke i 1.5 paona no kēlā me kēia kapita.I kēia manawa, aia ma Kaleponi ma kahi o 47,000 mau ʻeka o nā ʻeka i kanu ʻia, a ke alakaʻi nei ka spinach Kaleponi i ke ala ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka makahiki.ʻAʻole like me nā kīhāpai pā hale, ʻo kēia mau mahiʻai pāʻoihana e hua 1.5-2.3 miliona mau mea kanu i kēlā me kēia ʻeka a ulu i nā ʻāpana nui 40-80-inihi no ka maʻalahi o ka ʻohi mīkini.
2. ʻO ka waiwai waiwai o ka spinach
Mai ka ʻike meaʻai, loaʻa i ka spinach kekahi mau meaʻai pono, akā ʻo nā mea āpau, ʻo ka mea nui o ka spinach ka wai (91.4%).ʻOiai ʻoi loa ka paʻa ʻana i nā meaʻai hana ma ke kumu maloʻo, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o ka macronutrient (e laʻa, 2.86% protein, 0.39% momona, 1.72% lehu).No ka laʻana, ʻo ka nui o ka fiber meaʻai ma kahi o 25% o ke kaumaha maloʻo.He kiʻekiʻe ka spinach i nā micronutrients e like me ka potassium (6.74%), iron (315 mg/kg), folic acid (22 mg/kg), vitamina K1 (phylloquinone, 56 mg/kg), vitamina C (3,267 mg) / kg) , betaine (> 12,000 mg / kg), carotenoid B-carotene (654 mg / kg) a me ka lutein + zeaxanthin (1,418 mg / kg).Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka spinach nā metabolites lua i hana ʻia e nā derivatives flavonoid, he hopena anti-inflammatory.I ka manawa like, loaʻa nō hoʻi ka nui o ka nui o nā waikawa phenolic, e like me ka p-coumaric acid a me ka ferulic acid, ka p-hydroxybenzoic acid a me ka vanillic acid, a me nā lignans like ʻole.Ma waena o nā hana ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻano spinach nā waiwai antioxidant.Loaʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka Spinach mai ka chlorophyll, i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka ʻōpū, hoʻemi i ka ghrelin, a hoʻonui i ka GLP-1, he mea pono ia no ka maʻi diabetes type 2.Ma nā huaʻōlelo o omega-3s, loaʻa i ka spinach ka stearidonic acid a me kekahi eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) a me alpha-linolenic acid (ALA).Loaʻa i ka spinach nā nitrates i manaʻo ʻia he mea pōʻino akā i kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he pono i ke olakino.Loaʻa pū kekahi i nā oxalates, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia e ka blanching, hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pōhaku o ka ʻōpū.
3. Hoʻohana ʻia ka spinach i ka meaʻai holoholona
Hoʻopiha ʻia ka spinach me nā meaʻai a he mea hoʻohui maikaʻi ia i ka meaʻai holoholona.ʻO ka spinach ka mea mua ma waena o nā superfoods, kahi meaʻai me nā antioxidants kūlohelohe, nā mea bioactive, fiber hana a me nā meaʻai pono.ʻOiai ua ulu ka nui o mākou me ka makemake ʻole i ka spinach, loaʻa ia i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole a me nā meaʻai i kēia mau lā, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea kanu hou i ka saladi a i ʻole nā sanwika ma kahi o ka letus.Ma muli o kāna mau pōmaikaʻi i ka ʻai kanaka, hoʻohana ʻia ka spinach i ka meaʻai holoholona.
He ʻokoʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka Spinach i ka meaʻai holoholona: hoʻoikaika i ka meaʻai, mālama olakino, hoʻonui i ka noi ma ka mākeke, a ke hele nei ka papa inoa.ʻAʻohe hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka spinach, a he mau mea maikaʻi kona ma ke ʻano he "superfood" i nā meaʻai meaʻai pipi hou.
Ua paʻi ʻia kahi loiloi o ka spinach i ka ʻai ʻīlio i ka makahiki 1918 (McClugage a me Mendel, 1918).Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou e hoʻopili ʻia ka spinach chlorophyll a lawe ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo e nā ʻīlio (Fernandes et al., 2007) a hiki ke pōmaikaʻi i ka oxidation cellular a me ka hana immune.Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi hou e hiki i ka spinach ke hoʻonui i ka cognition ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana antioxidant complex.
No laila, pehea ʻoe e hoʻohui ai i ka spinach i ka meaʻai nui a kāu pipi?
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka spinach i ka meaʻai holoholona ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui a i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he kala i kekahi mau meaʻai.Inā ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka spinach maloʻo a lau paha, he liʻiliʻi ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia - ma kahi o 0.1% a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi, ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, akā no ka paʻa ʻole ʻana o kona ʻano i ka wā e hana ai, a lilo nā lau i like me ka ʻōpala. , haʻi maʻalahi nā lau maloʻo.Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole keakea ka hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi ʻole i kona waiwai, akā he mea nui ʻole ka antioxidant, immune a i ʻole nā hopena meaʻai ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻohui ʻia.No laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nui o nā antioxidants, a me ka nui o ka spinach i hiki i kāu pipi ke ʻae (e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka ʻala a me ka ʻono o ka meaʻai).
Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, aia nā kānāwai kūikawā e pili ana i ka mahi ʻana, ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka spinach no ka ʻai kanaka (80 FR 74354, 21CFR112).Ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻo ka hapa nui o ka spinach i ke kaulahao hoʻolako mai ke kumu like, pili pū kēia lula i ka meaʻai holoholona.Kūʻai ʻia ka spinach US ma lalo o ka US No. 1 a i ʻole US No. 2 kikoʻī kikoʻī maʻamau.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka US No. 2 no ka meaʻai holoholona no ka mea hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka premix e hana ʻia.Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻōpae maloʻo.I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana lau ʻai, holoi ʻia nā lau mea kanu i ʻohi ʻia a maloʻo, a laila maloʻo i loko o kahi pā a i ʻole ka pahu maloʻo, a hoʻohana ʻia ka ea wela e wehe i ka makū, a ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, hoʻopili ʻia lākou no ka hoʻohana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-25-2022